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Archive: August 2019

Art of Medicine: IgA Nephropathy

Article
The above painting shows glomeruli with mesangial hypercellularity, endocapillary hypercellularity, and crescent formation.  These findings can be seen in IgA nephropathy, and other active glomerulonephritides.  These lesions shown in the painting above are represented in the Oxford Classification for IgA nephropathy.  The Oxford classification is a scoring system on kidney biopsies that  includes mesangial hypercellularity (M0 = <50%, M1 = >50%), endocapillary hypercellularity (E0 = none, E1 = present), segmental sclerosis (S0 = absent, S1 = present), tubular atrophy / interstitial fibrosis (T0 = <25%, T1 25-50%, T2 >50%), and crescents (C0 = absent, C1 = up to 25%, C2...
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Methotrexate-Induced Crystal Nephropathy

Article
The patient is a 50-year-old male who presents with a creatinine of 4.2 mg/dL (baseline 1.0 mg/dL). He has been receiving high dose methotrexate for treatment of osteosarcoma. Image 1 shows a normal glomerulus. Image 2 shows moderate interstitial fibrosis. Image 3, 4, and 5 shows polarizable silver-positive crystals within the tubular lumens. This is a case of methotrexate-induced crystal nephropathy. Methotrexate-induced crystal nephropathy is characterized by acute tubular injury with scattered intratubular and interstitial needle-shaped, golden-brown crystals which are frequently arranged in annular structures. The crystals show birefringence under polarized light and are methenamine silver positive.  Methotrexate-induced crystal nephropathy...
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Disease Week: Onco-Nephrology

Article
The rapidly evolving field of oncology and cancer management creates unique opportunities as well as challenges for the nephrology community.  As such, it is important for nephrologists and nephropathologists to be informed and involved in its many aspects in order to better care for patients and be valuable members of a multidisciplinary cancer care team.  The renal manifestations and complications of cancer are myriad and include acute as well as chronic kidney injury, electrolyte/acid–base disturbances, direct injury of the kidney through tumor infiltration and/or paraneoplastic substances, pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents, and hematopoietic cell transplantation-related kidney injury.  Kidney transplant patients also...
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Twitter Poll (August 7, 2019)

Article
ANSWER: D The most common finding on kidney biopsies in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs)–induced AKI is acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Less frequently, granulomatous interstitial nephritis and TMA have also been reported. The two main ICPIs are anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). The onset of kidney injury seen with PD-1 inhibitors is usually late (3-10 months) compared to CTLA-4 antagonists-related renal injury, which happens earlier (2-3 months). PD-1 inhibitors, as opposed to CTLA-4 inhibitors, have been associated with kidney rejection in transplantation. Steroids appear to be effective in treating the immune-related adverse effects...
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International Visitors

Article
Yesterday we had 4 visitors from all stretches of the globe join us for the daily case conference! Dr. Amal Ezzaiyani (UT peds neph fellow from Libya), Dr. Ireen Sultana (pathologist from Bangladesh), Dr. Miranda Tsilosani (pathologist from Georgia), and Dr. Manuel Gonzalez (transplant neph fellow from El Salvador). 🌎 Dr. Tsilosani translated "I love kidney pathology" in Georgian for us: მე მიყვარს თირკმლის პათლოგია!    
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Diagnose This (August 5, 2019)

Article
What is this finding in this native kidney?     ​ ​   ​   ​ ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​ ​   ​ ​   ​ ​   ​ ​     ​   ​...
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Art of Medicine: Membranous Lupus Nephritis

Article
The above painting depicts electron microscopy of two glomerular capillary loops and a mesangial region from a case of membranous lupus nephritis, showing intramembranous and mesangial electron-dense deposits.  An electron photomicrograph from a patient with membranous lupus nephritis, showing the same features, is also shown below. Pure membranous lupus nephritis (classified under the International Society of Nephrology / Renal Pathology Society system as class V), without an associated focal or diffuse (proliferative) lupus nephritis, occurs in approximately 15 percent of all patients with renal involvement by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).   This percentage is higher in African Americans with SLE.   While...
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Arkana
Announcement

Posted July 9th 2019
Your patients can now pay their bill online.
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