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Neurofibromatosis type 1
Neuro Notes

Neurofibromatosis Type 1

  This 26-year-old patient complained of progressive weakness and frequent falls over the past several years. On physical examination, the…

Tissue Gram stain, inflamed skeletal muscle
Neuro Notes

Tissue Gram Stain

  This 50-year-old female presents with progressively worsening swelling and pain involving her left hip and buttock of four days…

critical illness myopathy
Neuro Notes

Critical Illness Myopathy

The patient is a middle-aged female (5th decade) who presents for hospital admission with severe progressive muscle weakness, failure to…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD

TTR gene
Neuro Notes

Hereditary Amyloid Neuropathy

Elderly female with amyloid neuropathy of the sural nerve. Cross-sections of the left sural nerve prepared from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
Schwann Cell
Neuro Notes

Peripheral Nerve Myelinating Cells

Figure 1 shows a myelin sheath (arrow) with orderly myelin wrapping. No abnormality of myelin periodicity is seen (i.e. no…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections with EMA+, SSTR2+, STAT6-
Neuro Notes

Immuno-Profile of WHO Grade I Meningiomas

The patient is a 50-year-old male who presents with a chief complaint of generalized headaches. Neuroimaging reveals a 3.5 cm…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD

BRAF V600E
Neuro Notes

Ganglioglioma, BRAF V600E-Mutated

Continuing on from the clinical vignette last week, a young adult female presents with generalized headaches of several months duration.…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
Ganglioglioma tumor MRI scan
Neuro Notes

Ganglioglioma, WHO grade I

Ganglioglioma (GG) A young adult female presents with generalized headaches of several months duration, which recently progressed in intensity with…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
Wedge-shaped Accumulations of Mitochondria
Neuro Notes

Lobulated Muscle Fibers with Wedge-shaped Accumulations of Mitochondria

Figure 1 and 2: Lobulated Muscle Fibers with Wedge-shaped Accumulations of Mitochondria. Frozen sections of skeletal muscle stained with NADH-TR…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD

4th of July Muscle Fibers
Neuro Notes

4th of July Muscle Fibers

Neuro Notes is celebrating Old Glory this Independence Day with Red, White, and Blue Muscle Fibers! Happy 4th of July.…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
Lobulated Muscle Fibers
Neuro Notes

Lobulated Muscle Fibers

Figure 1: Hereditary myopathy with lobulated muscle fibers in an elderly male presenting with myalgias. The photomicrograph shows snap frozen…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
Myopathy with Lobulated Muscle Fibers
Neuro Notes

Acquired Etiologies of Myopathy with Lobulated Muscle Fibers

An elderly male patient presents with a chief complaint of dull achy pain. The patient relates that the pain is…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD

C9orf72 gene, neuronotes, neropathology
Neuro Notes

C9orf72 Gene

The patient is a middle-aged Caucasian male who presents with chief complaint of progressive muscle weakness and muscle cramps of…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
U1-RNP-Related Myositis/Myopathy
Neuro Notes

U1-RNP-Related Myositis/Myopathy

  The patient is an elderly female who presents with chief complaint of progressive symmetric proximal muscle weakness over the…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD
Neuromuscular Junctions
Neuro Notes

Neuromuscular Junctions

Neuromuscular junctions in normal skeletal muscle. Esterase preparation (A) darkly highlights neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) along a small intramuscular nerve twig.…

By Kelly Mrachek, MD