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Currently filtering by tag: Nephrotic syndrome

Diagnose This (August 10 ,2020)

Article
Tags: Collapsing GN, Nephrotic syndrome, APOL1, G1/G2, transplant, COVID-19, Diagnose This
Q: What is your diagnosis?   The light microscopic image depicts a glomerulus with collapse of the capillary loops on the Jones methenamine silver stain. This lesion is identified by its prominent capillary loop collapse with overlying epithelial cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy, with associated protein resorption droplets. It is important to look at the background tubulointerstitium for findings that can be seen in association with this lesion such as increased proximal tubular resorption droplets, tubular microcystic tubular dilatation, and interstitial inflammation, as this lesion can be easily mistaken for crescent formation. Collapsing glomerulopathy can be seen as a primary (idiopathic)...
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Chronic Cyclosporine Toxicity in Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome

Article
Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome, childhood nephrotic syndrome, CSA, CNI, juxtaglomerular apparatus
This biopsy is from a 9-year-old boy who developed pediatric nephrotic syndrome in the first year of life and has been maintained on cyclosporine (CSA) due to frequent relapses. He had not had a biopsy before and was clinically on remission, considering switching to rituximab. The biopsy was performed to assess chronic changes and the presence of histologic signs of chronic calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) toxicity CNI toxicity. His serum creatinine was 0.6 mg/dL. He was also on lisinopril for proteinuria control. He was not hypertensive. The biopsy contained a total of 61 glomeruli, four of which were globally sclerotic. No...
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Art of Medicine: Minimal Change Disease

Article
minimal change disease
The above painting shows podocytes with foot processes extending along the glomerular basement membrane of neighboring capillary loops.  Effacement of podocyte foot processes occurs in primary podocytopathies, including minimal change disease (see electron photomicrograph below). Minimal change disease is the most common etiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children and is the third most common cause in adults, after focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and membranous glomerulopathy.  A majority of cases are “primary”, require no additional workup, and are due to a circulating permeability factor.   Several possible secondary causes have also been identified.  Although these are rare, these should be considered in...
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Diagnose This (April 22, 2019)

Article
diffuse foot process effacement, Minimal change disease, Nephrotic syndrome, Podocytopathy, Arkana Laboratories
What is this finding and what diagnoses does it imply?       ​ ​   ​   ​ ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​ ​   ​ ​   ​ ​   ​ ​    ...
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Twitter Poll (April 17, 2019)

Article
Collapsing Glomerulopathy, APOL1, arkana laboratories, kidney disease, renal pathology
ANSWER: D Collapsing glomerulopathy has been associated with certain infectious disease including HIV, Hepatitis C, HTLV-1, parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus, tuberculosis, Campylobacter enteritis, and Loa loa filariasis. References: Cossey LN, Larsen CP, Liapis H. Collapsing glomerulopathy: a 30-year perspective and single, large center experience. Clin Kidney J 2017; 10(4):443-449 Cohen AH, Nast CC. HIV-associated nephropathy. A unique combined glomerular, tubular, and interstitial lesion. Mod Pathol 1988; 1: 87–97 D’Agati V, Suh JI, Carbone L, et al. Pathology of HIV-associated nephropathy: a detailed morphologic and comparative study. Kidney Int 1989; 35: 1358–1370 Pakasa NM, Nseka NM, Nyimi LM. Secondary collapsing glomerulopathy associated...
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Diagnose This (March 25, 2019)

Article
Nephrotic Syndrome, Arkana Laboratories, renal pathology, kidney injury
What is your diagnosis?     ​ ​   ​   ​ ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​ ​   ​ ​   ​ ​   ​ ​     ​   ​   ​ ​  ...
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IgA nephropathy with something extra…

Article
The biopsy is from a 61-year-old man with a history of intermittent microscopic hematuria for many years who presents with recent 18-pound weight loss and nephrotic syndrome.  His creatinine is mildly elevated at 1.3 mg/dL.  He has 12.5 g of proteinuria and his serum albumin is 2.6 mg/dL.  The biopsy shows diffuse mild mesangial matrix expansion with no necrosis or proliferative lesions (Fig. 1).  Immunofluorescence microscopy shows extensive granular mesangial IgA deposits (3+) (Fig. 2), compatible with IgA nephropathy.  Interestingly, the Jones methenamine silver stain also shows argyrophilic spikes involving capillary loops, which are most suggestive of spicular amyloid deposits...
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Diagnose This (October 29, 2018)

Article
What class of disease does this patient have and how did they present clinically?           ​   ​ ​   ​   ​ ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​   ​ ​   ​ ​...
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One little, two little, three little findings…

Article
digging deeper, Dr. Messias, Arkana Laboratories, pathology diseases
This biopsy came to us for evaluation of nephrotic syndrome. The patient is a Hispanic gentleman in his late 80s, with CKD stage IV and a history of arthritis, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and hypertension.  He had 4.9 g/g of proteinuria.  He had negative ANA, hepatitis B, and C serologies. C3 and C4 were within normal limits. Clinically, the differential diagnosis included membranous glomerulopathy and FSGS. The biopsy was a very good sample, consisting of long cores of renal tissue, mostly from cortex.  More than 20 glomeruli were present.  The glomeruli had clear features of diabetic nephropathy, as expected...
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Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Pattern

Article
This glomerulus shows a membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) pattern of injury. To a large extent, the etiologic differential diagnosis depends on the immunofluorescence and ultrastructural findings. This light microscopic pattern of injury may be seen in one of the so-called C3 glomerulopathies, in MPGN with immune complexes (no known clinical cause), or in so-called "secondary" forms of MPGN in patients who have underlying infection, autoimmune disease, or dysproteinemia. Identifying the pattern of injury is only the beginning of the workup in many cases!
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Arkana
Announcement

Posted September 8th 2020
We are now offering IHC and ISH testing for evaluation of the presence of SARS-CoV-2 (aka COVID-19 and novel 2019 coronavirus).
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