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Neuro Notes

Toxic Vacuolar Myopathy Due to Hydroxychloroquine

Clinical History:This 50-year-old patient presented with a one year history of of persistent muscle weakness. They also had shortness of…

gomori trichrome of frozen tissue
Neuro Notes

Sporadic Late-Onset Nemaline Myopathy

Clinical History:The patient is a 69-year-old male who presented with complaints of proximal lower extremity muscle weakness and BMI of…

Figure 2: Oil-red O stained section of frozen muscle specimen
Neuro Notes

Lipid Storage Myopathy in 77-Year-Old Patient

Clinical History:The patient is a 77-year-old female with several months of progressive muscle weakness predominantly in her upper and lower…


Toluidine blue stained image of vasculitic neuropathy
Neuro Notes

Vasculitic Neuropathy

Clinical History:65-year-old woman with generalized weakness and fatigue requiring a walker.Past medical history: anemia, major depressive disorder, MCI, arthritis, CTS,…

Gomori trichrome stained image of Anti-TIF1-γ in Dermatomyositis
Neuro Notes

Anti-TIF1-γ in Dermatomyositis

Clinical History:73-year-old man who presented with inability to rise from a chair.Past medical history: arthritis, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, and male…

Gomori trichrome stained image of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy
Neuro Notes

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP)

Clinical History:The patient is a 65-year-old woman with progressive proximal and generalized weakness, dysphasia, full-body pain, fasciculations and malaise.Medication: IVIG…


FFPE H&E immunofluorescence with FITC filter; image of vasculitis
Neuro Notes

Vasculitis: Using Fluorescence Microscopy to Visualize Elastic Lamina

Clinical History:This 65-year-old patient presented with a two-month history of progressive proximal upper and lower extremity muscle weakness, and photosensitive…

collagen pockets in nerve biopsy case image
Neuro Notes

Collagen Pockets in Nerve Biopsy

Clinical History:This 40-year-old patient underwent sural nerve biopsy to evaluate for a painful mixed large fiber and small fiber axonal…

denervated neuromuscular junctions, lower magnification image or normal neuromuscular junction
Neuro Notes

Denervated Neuromuscular Junctions

Clinical History:Muscle biopsy from this 40-year-old patient showed morphologic and enzyme histochemical features of denervation.What abnormality is seen in the…


gallyas stain alzheimer's
Neuro Notes

Gallyas Stain: Plaques, Tangles, and Threads in Alzheimer’s Disease

Clinical History:Neuropathologic examination (brain autopsy) on this 65-year-old patient with a history of slowly progressive dementia demonstrated gross and microscopic…

alkaline phosphatase image
Neuro Notes

Myopathic changes on Alkaline phosphatase

Clinical History:This 40-year-old patient presented with complaints of muscle weakness and myalgias of approximately 3-months duration. Laboratory studies showed elevated…

Gomori trichrome stained image of frozen section showing ring fibers
Neuro Notes

Ring Fibers

Which genetic test is required to establish the diagnosis in this 59-year-old with distal muscle weakness, mild myotonia, and persistently…


Congo Red of frozen muscle with Texas Red filter showing vacuolar myopathy
Neuro Notes

Vacuolar myopathy in 92-year-old male

Clinical History:The patient is a 92-year-old-male and presented progressive muscle weakness that began in the left upper extremity and spread…

Neuro Notes

76-year-old with numbness

Clinical History:The patient has numerous complaints including weakness, myalgia, arthralgia, back pain radiating down bilateral legs, cramps and twitching, imbalance,…

von kossa 2 perineurial micromineralization
Neuro Notes

Perineurial microcalcification

Clinical History:This 55-year-old patient presented with symmetrical numbness, tingling and burning sensation involving the bottom of their feet which slowly…