ANSWER: D
Collapsing glomerulopathy has been associated with certain infectious disease including HIV, Hepatitis C, HTLV-1, parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus, tuberculosis, Campylobacter enteritis, and Loa loa filariasis.
References:
Cossey LN, Larsen CP, Liapis H. Collapsing glomerulopathy: a 30-year perspective and single, large center experience. Clin Kidney J 2017; 10(4):443-449
Cohen AH, Nast CC. HIV-associated nephropathy. A unique combined glomerular, tubular, and interstitial lesion. Mod Pathol 1988; 1: 87–97
D’Agati V, Suh JI, Carbone L, et al. Pathology of HIV-associated nephropathy: a detailed morphologic and comparative study. Kidney Int 1989; 35: 1358–1370
Pakasa NM, Nseka NM, Nyimi LM. Secondary collapsing glomerulopathy associated with loa filariasis. Am J Kidney Dis 1997; 30: 836–839
Moudgil A, Shidban H, Nast CC et al. Parvovirus B19 infection-related complications in renal transplant recipients: treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin. Transplantation 1997; 64: 1847–1850
Tanawattanacharoen S, Falk RJ, Jennette JC et al. Parvovirus B19 DNA in kidney tissue of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Am J Kidney Dis 2000; 35: 1166–1174
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